Induction of anaesthesia

Intravenous

Advantages:

Rapid onset
Dose titratable
Depression of laryngeal reflexes (good for laryngeal mask airways)
Anti-emetic and anti-convulsive properties

Disadvantages:

Venous access required
Risk of hypotension
Apnoea common
Risk of anaphylaxis
Loss of airway control

Inhalational induction

Advantages:

Avoids venepuncture
Respiration maintained
Slower depression of reflexes
End-tidal CO₂ can be measured
Rapid recovery
Upper oesphageal tone maintained

Disadvantages:

Slow process
Potential excitement phase
Irritant and unpleasant
Pollution
May cause rise in intracranial pressure/intraocular pressure